Tap water is produced?

<wbr> <p> Tap water is produced? </ p> <p> Production processes to remove contaminants in water, the water network of secondary pollution problems to be solved <wbr> </ p> <p> www.thebeijingnews. .com · 2007-12-23 4: 18: 02 · source: Beijing News <wbr> </ p> <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> Recently, the national development and Reform Commission announced that the moderate rise .in next year's urban water price. </ p> The resulting problem is: the quality of urban water supply should be promoted? <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> This year after this summer, appearing in some areas because .the pollution caused supply disruption. </ p> July 1st, China began to implement the new drinking water standards, on the supply of drinking water in urban living place high demands. Expert in water resources, as new technology appears to be constantly put into .use, the problems caused by water pollution could be resolved completely. But the water pipeline, towers and other facilities of security evaluation remains to be established the appropriate standards. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> Tap water production process .to filter out the microorganisms in water, such as the water bear. </ p> <p> Five process construct water firewall </ p> <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> Drinking water decontamination process more than 100 .years of history. </ p> Despite prior to this, the people said to have drinkable water naturally, but there are indications that upper class or on the water for some simple handling. As early as prehistoric times humans began to seek water, Sanskrit .art and Egypt inscription in knowledge about water treatment. On several occasions, the plague of the middle ages to human understanding to public health and the importance of clean drinking water. People began to pay attention to the problem of drinking water treatment. <p> .<wbr> </ p> <p> "Probably 100 years ago, people think that water is not clean, considers necessary purification before drinking. </ p>" 2007 drinking water standards drafters, the Chinese Centre for disease prevention and control of .water, environment and health related product security in water quality monitoring Office, Hubei Miller pointed out that the demand for clean water for people seeking precipitation purification process. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> Initially, people try to stand .precipitation water found after sedimentation of water, is still quite muddy, also with impurities, and even big sand, so they invented the modern sedimentation process. </ p> Since then, the knowledge on microbial gradually spread was found alone cannot eliminate these precipitation .may be at risk for the little guy. Precipitation can no longer satisfy people's drinking water for health requirements, new technologies were invented. People began to invest in water disinfectant, "that is used chlorine disinfection." Generate chlorine hypochlorite after dissolving in water. .This is a strong oxidizing agent that can kill the bacteria in the water. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> In 1908, add chlorine in water disinfection technology has been applied to water treatment made the most significant development. < ./ p> It also marks the modern drinking water treatment technologies, while the modern drinking water standards. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> Subsequently, the United Kingdom began construction of the water delivery system, use the pipeline will .pass deal of clean water to each household. </ p> Still later, precipitation process also has progress in the use of coagulant, water that can be used to identify the opacity of the naked eye are solidified into large particles, and eventually settle down .. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> In this way, a comprehensive set of modern drinking water processing processes develop. </ p> Source in the Netherlands introduced the works in the pipeline, via chlorination removal after most microbial .machine pool for coagulation settlement, then successively by coal sand filtration, activated carbon filter for filtering and adsorption, before entering the water supply network for the second time the chlorination. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> From the water .source to the factory of five processes for drinking water along with building a full-featured firewall. </ p> Exactly 100 years, this process throughout the world, operating silently in the water treatment plant to provide a clean water. <p> < .wbr> </ p> <p> The change of the century of water pollutants </ p> <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> With the continuous development of human society, these contaminants of drinking water pollution are changing .. </ p> The last century, in the 1970s, the major cause of water pollution are microorganisms. Into the 1970s, contamination by heavy metals into primary effect of drinking water safety. And now the water pollution is mainly in organic pollution. In .some regions of China in water has been a noticeable increase of organic pollutants, and detect a variety of domestic and international known carcinogenic, teratogenic or mutagenic substances and can cause the animal and human fertility decline and its offspring viability weaken environmental endocrine disruptors. "This .kind of organic pollution is the most intractable. "<p> <wbr> </ p> <p> At the same time, with the development of human society, the new pollution is emerging. </ p> In the middle of the .20th century, water start of industrial waste, waste gas, waste chemical pollution. During this period, the pollutants are primarily Pb, mercury, chromium and cyanides, fluorides, nitrite, and other inorganic substances. <p> <wbr> </ p .> <p> Apart from industrial emissions of inorganic contamination, different regional water too many individual elements (or too little), but also could lead to regional disease. </ p> In China, more severe fluorosis is drinking and drinking arsenic poisoning. .Fluoride in drinking water concentration is high, will seriously affect skeletal development, so that patients cannot stand upright. Arsenic poisoning can cause skin damage, peripheral neuropathy, to develop skin cancer. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> " .However, currently the largest drinking water safety hazards from organic pollution. </ p> "E, Miller said, drinking water source of organic pollution in a very wide range, including industrial emissions, fertilizer pesticide and other agricultural pollution and human daily life. .<p> <wbr> </ p> <p> At the end of 2005 of the Songhua River water pollution events, let us see the power of the organic pollution. </ p> At that time, the local waterworksNo water in this .class of organic compounds. This leads to local residents once there drinking water to millions. Blue-green algae outbreak of Taihu Lake last year, but also because we lack the appropriate processing power, causing local supply interruption occurred, give the local population life production .had a large impact. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> The power of organic substances is also not limited to this. </ p> Source water of toxic organic pollutants that may have adverse effects on the human body. .Especially in the drinking water disinfection process, these organisms may be disinfected with chlorine to produce a series of disinfection by-products, some of which have proven to be mutagenic substances. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> "For .this reason, in the new standard, we also increased the quality of organic matter and microbial and disinfection of water quality and other requirements, add new 71 indicators, there are 48 concerning organic pollutants. </ p> "<p> <wbr> .</ p> <p> Most of these organic pollutants can escape the traditional treatment of tap water purification process. </ p> Because of the waterworks are used coagulation and sedimentation, filtration, disinfection of the traditional water treatment process, to reduce turbidity ., suspended solids removal and microorganisms have better cleaning and disinfection, to present to organic pollution-based micro-pollution, you cannot complete removal of organic pollutants. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> "At present there are also .various water treatment processes of organic pollutants. </ p> "Eco-environmental sciences, Chinese Academy of State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry assistant researcher raokai Jeffrey, such as activated carbon adsorption, membrane filtration can effectively remove the organic contaminants in drinking water .. E Miller also pointed out that there are a lot of new technology can remove organic pollution, similar to membrane filtration, chemical adsorption, magnetized molecules flocculation, ultrasound and ozone sterilization methods are viable new technologies. <p> <wbr> </ p .> <p> Secondary pollution of drinking water </ p> <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> In expert view, even if no new standards for drinking water, tap water in large water production generally are no problem. .</ p> This water can even be reached without processing, direct consumption levels. However, but mostly no one dared take a chest with others that direct drinking tap water "no problem". The problem is in the water and every household taps between ."middle links". Water transport, storage, process there are many uncertain factors. Raokai Jeffrey explained that the second pollution tap water comes mainly from the pipes and high water tower in the community. <p> <wbr> </ p> < .p> Tap water in residential water point reached before to flow through the pipe, pumps, tanks and other water supply equipment. </ p> These water device may exist pipeline aging, material quality is poor, water pipe joints point leakage, metal pipe .wall coating particles, they bring the leakage, loss and erosion resulting biomass are "secondary pollution". Raokai Jeffrey and e Miller emphasized that tap water pipe network of service life under the influence of different materials. At present, China's water pipe used throughout the .service life of 50 years in General. Beijing city in 2003, has adopted the "cyclone" spraying technology, urban architecture in tap water secondary pollution indoor pipeline cleaning and painting-lined process modification. This significantly reduces the pipeline of secondary pollution risk, improves .water quality in Beijing. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> At the same time, a high-rise residential building are using pumps, tanks and other water supply equipment for secondary water. </ p> Once these water .supply equipment problems, also water security. "In fact, water tower water storage of long, or exposed, can result in secondary pollution." E, Miller said. He spoke in Jiangsu Province as an example, in 2003 the city in the water .tank with level only, selective 9480, microbial water quality indicators for the qualified rate of only 25%. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> "Drinking water security is a systems engineering, water resources and provisioning, water conservation .and pollution control, water treatment, network construction and maintenance, water facilities management and water quality monitoring to water points and links. </ p> "E Miller emphasized that, in fact, our drinking water security issues related to government regulation of many departments .. From here, take the direct drinking water on qualified, light has the drinking water standards is not enough, you also need the revision of the drinking water of equipment and protective material safety evaluation standards ", the second water supply facilities of the health code ., as well as the quality standard of drinking water sources, such as a series of standards and requirements. <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> ■ The Awakening Patch </ p> <p> <wbr> </ .p> <p> Infectious diseases </ p> <p> <wbr> </ p> <p> Because of the known infectious diseases, can cause severe damage to humans, or could lead to a pandemic, many countries thus borrowed from .the Government's authority to assist medical system closely monitoring the incidence of such diseases and its subsequent development, avoid outbreaks of infectious diseases, such as infectious diseases, especially in the relevant laws, usually a physician has an obligation in accordance with the classification of diseases, .within the specified time or to standardize processes on health to inform the competent authorities. </ p> China's current infectious diseases have a, b, c three categories, a total of 37..