The novelist and the pessimist's response
Asimov on science fiction "Lovelight" collection a motor theory, learn the science of Robotics and software, and made three laws of robotics.
This law became later scientists research robot is consciously abide by the rules.Although a number of popular science writers believe that eventually there will always be people who will make a breach of this three laws of Robotics criminals, but scientists, the situation is far from severe to cause panic.
Scientists will produce "Transformers," such as fighting robot?
Russell's automatic machine is the originator of the humanoid robot.
"Terminator" body centralizing human fear of the robot.
Worked in Afghanistan for actual military robot Packbots.
Korea Advanced Institute of science and technology of robotic Einstein.
According to the draft produced by · da Vinci Machine Knight, clockwork-driven.
From fiction to reality
Human first used the word "robot", even in fiction.
Interview, Chinese robot Contest Committee Chairman, Professor of Tsinghua University computer Charles Sun increases introduced the robot was born in history.
"Ancient have some robot prototype, but until 1921, Chiapas he wrote the screenplay Chris Russell El universal robot", inside a shape, action like the machine according to Czech named Robert (Robot), which means "forced labour".
"This name is also the invention of the original purpose of the robot — save labor, let people steal while lazy.Real robots appear in 1954 United States, a United States inventor Dwyer (GeorgeDevol) made out of the machine arm design patented, the patent in 1959 was really into reality, and gradually applied to industry.
In 1967, Japan who purchased this patent, and extensive use of the plant.To the 1960s, Massachusetts Institute of technology laboratory for manufacturing a vision, can catch something intelligent car technology, began to appear.
At present, the Picker has been widely used in industrial production, particularly in the automobile industry, have implemented a fully automatic. But in China, since labour costs relative to the robot, more affordable, full use of industrial robots was too soon.In addition to industry, robots are also used in industrial, military, space exploration, services, entertainment, and many other industries, such as the EOD robot, space robotics, underwater, miners robot, clean robot, etc.
For anyone worried about robot society brought pressure on employment, in fact, International has a general requirement that the robot is generally used in the "dull, dirty and dangerous", thereby liberating human input in the tertiary industry, more complex, more work needs to be communication.Who's smarter?
Robot and who is smart?
With the emergence of highly intelligent robot, this problem has also been made out.
But in fact, the robot and human wisdom is not on the same level.At present, there is a kind of robotic manufacturing trends, is the development of "autonomous robot", that is a considerable degree the artificial intelligence of the robot.
"Narrow robot should accept the directive, the can make their own choices and decisions.
" Chen small bed an example. This year's Germany robot competition held for the first time the "home" (athome) new project, all entries go to kitchen robots accept "take back" beer. "Stupid" point of robot directly to the kitchen and found many brands of beer, so some empty-handed, but some are readily took a bottle. And "smart" little robot is to accept the instruction on the spot asked what should be the brand of beer. The final winning three robots are more complex, such as the exchange of intelligence with good performance."Despite the ultimate performance results may be better than people, robots are implementing smart still is to adopt measures for the" stupid "because they are inevitably affected by the program's control, but didn't have as complicated as human thought.
" Professor Chen Xiao-ping a computer" dark blue "defeated mankind's example. 50 years ago has just begun ' dark blue ', everyone thought that the robot if defeated mankind, will have a human chess player. But in 1997 the computer really win the human, people realize that a computer can win because they thought soon, will calculate the next 14 to 16 step, even up to 40 step of the way.But this kind of thinking is quite rigid and human thought is also includes experience many complex factors.
"Therefore, in the wisdom of this point, the computer and human and should not be placed on the same platform.Chen Xiao-ping is of the view that human beings need two robots, a model human, "discovery" of the principle of the robot.
But now the robot production direction more rose to the "invention" in this phase, allow robots to go figure out for themselves.Robot crime
Novelist's imagination is always ahead of the technology development of scientists.
In Hollywood movies such as the terminator and fictional Tan of the Franks, the people are expected to robot may bring confusion of human life.This anxiety is also reflected in the United States · popular science writer Isaac Asimov
there. He created the "Robotics" and the "three laws of Robotics" two important term, trying to use these principles to regulate the behavior of robots in order to avoid horrible confusion.Asimov on science fiction "Lovelight" collection a motor theory, learn the science of Robotics and software, in addition, he proposed three law: a robot, the robot may not injure a human being, or let people get hurt and inaction; second, a robot must obey all command, the command and the first law conflict; third, the robot must protect its own security, but not the first or second law.
This law became later scientists research robot is consciously abide by the rules.
Asimov himself therefore with Arthur · Clark, Robert Anson Heinlein · and · as "the world's three major popular science writers". To commemorate this great writer and robotics, Honda will be the development of a Biped humanoid robot named "Asimov".Despite popular science writers believe that eventually there will always be people who will make a breach of this three law offenders, but it seems that the scientists, the situation is far from severe to cause panic.
"Now the application of robots, weak, want to do bad things.
" University of science and technology, Professor Chen Xiao-ping said. Singapore Polytechnic University's week long also said that the ultimate robot wisdom or from man, "it does not exceed human intelligence." Beihang University Institute of small robot mechlen believes that this issue involves ethics, more complex, but it's not worth worrying about.In fact, compared to the robot uprising, worried that people really started to worry about is the robot in action above some errors.
Like computer viruses cause crashes, the robot is also affected by malicious programs and the threat of unsafe operations."Networked robot may be affected by viruses, not networked robot may a p
art or the program will be bad. This requires the designers at design time, the strict implementation of security operations. "Week long said. At present, the industrial machine arm has a safety bar and separate the human race, but when the robot into human daily life, this issue becomes very specific. Even the most simple mistake, such as accidentally stepped on human feet, the damage is enormous.■ Tip
How to survive a robot uprising
Man suspected of technology has never stopped.
When more and more Hollywood disaster film releases gloomy mood, scientists in addition to remind people need not worry about things you can do?United States Institute of Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics expert Daniel ·
Wilson's attitude more humor. "Any machines are likely to revolt, neither the toaster or the ' terminator '. " Wilson in his book" how to survive a robot uprising, "said. Next he with great interest the shortcomings of the robot to a line. Read up, seemingly in learning skills, but also to escape on a robot performance course.Humanoid robot
As a universal machine, manual of humanoid robot more than human, they run faster, jump higher, can lift heavier loads.
1. save the companion.
Run to your partner, first to a quick hug, and in any direction. Vision-based target Tracker may temporarily lose the sense of — — especially when you wear similar clothes.2. use the rough terrain.
Humanoid robot runs much faster than you both and lasting than you, but not the panzhihua wall climbing.
3. look for a lot of water.
Most robot meet water will sink.Ground delivery
In the contend for ground transportation, instability will adversely affect human pilots.
Robots don't need restAnd use less fuel.1. go to the wild.
Unmanned ground vehicles difficult to lush grass, bushes and fences, dykes. You can try to turn it into the danger zone, the sensor may not find a hole in the ground, stump or mines.2. to unfamiliar terrain.
If the robot to unfamiliar terrain, it will immediately generate a new map.In a complex environment to generate new map takes time, the robot can be so slow or troubled.
3. right to flee.
It relies on a laser designator detector, not good at horizontal mobile search.Robot swarm
A single robot will only give rise to a threat, but they set up intelligent combination is urgent.
1. make a fool of all.
Often groups each Member with the same sensor in your action before trying to understand this group what sensors. If you see the motion detector, it is necessary to keep the rest. If they are fitted with carbon dioxide sensors, it is necessary to hold your breath.2. quick action.
Group members through observation of the neighbor to the position itself and decide what kind of action. Due to the lack of leadership, the robot can take considerable time to locate and action.3. use the spirit dispersion method.
Use spirit dispersion method and new problems to delay tracking. For example, set the obstructions.Smart housing
Smart houses not only track we watched our actions, but also through the records in our daily life to build the nuances of human behavior models.
1. your smart House more intelligent.
Smart housing may need to spend a few years time to learn your behavior patterns.2. the establishment of a "security zone".
Previously selected a place where the sensor is not installed, where stockpiling flashlight, ear plugs, spade and axe.3. remove all sensors.
Throw away all of the smart card, phone, or may be your smart House joined neck ring. If you are using a subcutaneous chip, it should be very painful.■ The Awakening Patch
Robot killings
1978, September 6, Japan Hiroshima factory in incising robots to cut steel, suddenly a shift worker as a steel plate.
This is the world's first robot killings.In May 1982, Japan Yamanashi factory workers of a valve, is to adjust the suspension State thread machining robot, suddenly died by robot arms.
In 1985, the USSR Chess Championship Goodwin koskov with robot chess-Chess Board 3 consecutive victories.
Robot suddenly to metal Board releases powerful currents that will kill the international masters. After analysis, considered to be electronic fog makes super computer internal procedures appeared disturbance, strong currents, caused the accident.This special appreciated:
Ding cohelan (Beihang University Professor)
Sun increases Saitama (Tsinghua University, Department of computer science professor)
Chen Xiao-ping (University Professor)
Week long (Singapore Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Control Center Director)
Wu lingyun (Tsinghua intelligence and technology lab Ph.d. students)
In this edition of interviews reporter Kim Yu
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