Eggs, and one cannot eat?

Eggs, and one cannot eat?

Nutritionists as "bad food" name resolution concepts of balanced diet

www.thebeijingnews.com

· 2007-12-15 16: 21: 43 ·

Source: Beijing News

In 1997 the Ministry of health commissioned Chinese nutriological society accept, enacted the Chinese residents in the dietary guidelines and Chinese residents of balanced diet pagoda ".

This pagoda will be completed in 10 years later, the first amendment. Eat, are becoming increasingly sophisticated.

United States of "food pyramid", Canada's "Rainbow figure", "disc map Australia," China's "pagoda figure" ...

A variety of different population dietary guidance reflects the contemporary human nutrition concerns. However, these golden rules like dietary guidelines, and do not contain nutritional concept pandemic continues to have a sensational nutrition concept attempts to change the structure of public food. These science, health, nutrition, and the name really scientific, whether health?

The various theories of nutrition labyrinth, let those confused consumption.

Chinese nutriological society produced "pagoda" figure.

It depicts a Chinese daily healthy diet: pagoda base for cereals, 300 g-500 g. The base point, namely the vegetables (400-500 grams), fruits (100 grams-200 grams); and poultry meat (50 g-100 g), shrimp (50 g), eggs (25-50 g); milk and dairy products (100 grams), beans and bean products (50 grams), grease (25 g).

United States Department of Agriculture announced new "pyramid" figure.

This figure includes six different color of vertical lines, each representing different food groups and line the bottom of the pyramid as close and wider. Among them, the Orange represents grains, green vegetables, red fruit, milk, yellow, blue, on behalf of the grease, purple represents meat and bean class.

Nutritional concepts of ri

valries

In GE can Woo seems a lot of ideas are a serious problem.

Such as eggs, some say it is "the most high cholesterol foods", but that does not support any data.

China's nutrition academic field into a scuffle.

Chinese nutriological society governing changge can you teach in the 1980s at the FAO headquarters in Rome as a senior official of the food and nutrition. In 1997, including his, a group of nutritionists "according to the United States food pyramid" with Chinese characteristics "pagoda" balanced diet. This pagoda in nutrition schools recognized. But in recent years he has often been plagued by emerging nutrition concepts and had to answer some frequently bizarre problems.

Referred to as the "sweet potato Prince" Taiwan alternative medicine expert forest light often is some weird problems.

He shocks, their nutritional point of view: "milk cattle to drink, not people drink; what substances in our body which is particularly high alkaline? is the calcium. …… More milk calcium is lost. "" The egg is the world's most high cholesterol content. "" Don't eat red meat, eat steak, you have to remember that each blade, in fact, not cut steak, cut your heart. ”

In fact, GE can save up to 40 years of nutrition research career, similar challenges have never stopped.

In his view the views have serious problems. To egg as an example, some say it is "the most high cholesterol foods", but that does not support any data. Another nutritionists North Medical Department Associate Professor Yongjin also pointed out that "eggs in the body is the indispensable nourishment, it already contained nutrients through scientific analysis. Only in respect of disputes. "This is why all of the dietary guidelines are the egg products. Again such as milk, in the world does exist "drink milk good or not good" argument. But this is just argued, moreover, China's population of milk intake is low, increase the intake is necessary.

Some sensational nutrition

theory not only love for food on Star mark, that they could fight cancer diseases, such as the role of health esteem pumpkin. They think eat pumpkin is conducive to the prevention of diabetes, this view. However, it seems that the GE can you are misleading the public. Indeed, the pumpkin glycemic index is relatively low blood sugar, eat later will not be increased by only one of its varieties. It is this situation is rumour circulating around town to eat pumpkin to lowering blood sugar. As everyone knows, the majority of pumpkin glycemic index is high, is not conducive to the health of people with diabetes.

Some nutrition that is also very particular about eating.

Originally a simple free diet activity, and nutrition, and health are connected, they become very complex, machine-like computer programs. In GE can you view, the doctrine of various feasts, in scientific research methods, there are some problems.

The charm of a balanced diet

Food is no good, and various food has its own advantages, but no one is universal, each also have disadvantages.

Only will match all kinds of food you can reasonably provide a variety of nutrition.

So what meals will have nutrition, science.

Whether GE to Woo, Lee Young-Jin, China Agricultural University, College of nutrition and food security Professor Jack red, have endorsed the need to balance diet. "Food is no good, and various food has its own advantages, but no one is universal, each also have disadvantages. Only will match all kinds of food you can reasonably provide a variety of nutrition. Depending on what kind of food will be able to protect the health, or what kind of food can damage health, are not scientific. "GE can you point out thePromotion of balanced diet.

In fact, it is a balanced diet is the universal adoption of the basic norms of diet.

Since 1992, the United States Department of agriculture has released a report designed to help the United States public health better arrangements yourself diet official "Food Guide pyramid", States have implemented on their national conditions of dietary guidelines. These are public cherished food guide, spread over 10 years. United States women Zurbriggen hospital is responsible for the prevention of drug and competent Joan Ann · song once said: "(food), antioxidants, plant chemicals and fiber may be together to promote health. ”

Chinese Pagoda of balanced diet, balanced diet principles need to be transformed into daily food intake and to pagoda chart format.

This pagoda which outlines the main structure of healthy eating: pagoda base for cereals, 300 g-500 g. The base point, namely the vegetables (400-500 grams), fruits (100 grams-200 grams); and poultry meat (50 g-100 g), shrimp (50 g), eggs (25-50 g); milk and dairy products (100 grams), beans and bean products (50 grams), grease (25 g).

Of course this match just provides a standard for this.

In the standard version, the individual's age, gender, height, weight and intensity, seasons, etc are some of the reference factor. Thus, a specific group of dietary guidelines will be adjusted accordingly. Similar infant, child care and preschool children, school-age children, adolescents, pregnant women, lactating women, elderly has some special cases. Similar children eat weight to boot with the variety of food, because the cause of the growth and development, protein-rich foods such as fish, poultry, eggs, the meat should be rich, milk and legumes should be sufficient. And for the elderly, due to the lower digestive ability, fat and protein content should be lower, more fiber. United States Government also for children, has issued a new guide to children's diet. Explicitly put children do not eat sweets and drinks carbonated beverages, and reduced juice beverage and edible oil weighting.

Residents of dietary guidelines is not

United States Department of agriculture on 19 April 2005 announced a new "food pyramid", composed by v

ertical lines of the new version provides on average daily food intake and types of clear recommendations.

However, the "pyramid" is not a building, it cannot be changed.

In the United States, about the "food pyramid" of the dispute has not been broken, but the trend is increasing year by year.

Harvard public medical school two epidemiology and nutrition Professor Walter ·

Granville Wright and Maiana · Kasdan Klopfer on 2003 common author pointed out that the "pyramid" respected "carbohydrates better" and "less fat and grease the better" is one-sided simplistic conclusion. Follow this pyramid does not make people healthier, but may increase the incidence of certain diseases.

1992 United States "food pyramid" also make recommendations: people daily consumption of 2 to 3 servings of dairy products, that only in this way will we be able to get the daily calcium intake to prevent osteoporosis and fractures.

However, there are a number of research results and this judgment was not consistent. These studies show that consumption of dairy products a high proportion of the national people's fracture is also very high.

For all these omissions, United States Department of agriculture on 19 April 2005 announced a new "food pyramid", composed by vertical lines of the new version provides on average daily food intake and types of clear recommendations.

New pyramid six different color of vertical lines, each representing different food groups and line the bottom of the pyramid as close and wider.

This means that previous food pyramid of hierarchical form, is made up of triangles one by one. From the top to the bottom of the pyramid, with the size of the triangle represents the daily amount of food should be consumed. Represented by the orange line represents the cereals, the green line represents the vegetables, red line represents the fruits, the blue line represents the milk, very thin yellow line represents the grease, the thin purple line represents the meat and beans. Where cereals, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, meat, legumes share almost. New pyramid structure also vegetables and fruit are categorized with — the two are mixed up in the past. Yongjin said: "even made some adjustments, but balanced dietary guidelines have not changed. ”

The new trend of nutrition

Nutritionists have also attempted to further refine the research content.

They are of a different gene type of nutrition issues. This is a new nutrition research.

China's dietary guidelines of course also need improvement.

GE may you disclose, recently Chinese nutriological society was ready in 2007 on balanced diet pagoda and Chinese residents of dietary guidelines for revision. Reason for the amendment, the purpose is for nearly two years of Chinese urban residents diet by new changes to structural adjustment.

At present, the Chinese food structure of the main problems is that of urban population and oil consumption of butcher's class, cereal consumption low.

Data show that in 2002 the average per person per day of oil consumption by 1992 37 grams up to 44 grams of fat for energy ratio reached 35%, more than 30 per cent of the World Health Organization recommended ceiling; cereals for better than only 47 per cent, significantly lower than 55%-65% of reasonable range. In addition, urban and rural residents, calcium, iron, vitamin A and other micronutrients are generally insufficient intake.

The 2007 edition of the "pagoda figure" is starting from these problems be revised.

In addition to this, movement, pleasant mood, health beliefs, and so will the pagoda map and guide to be emphasized. "But the premise, theoretical basis is not constant, balanced diet is our primary advocate. " As soon as there is scientific research proves that a certain type of food intake of biased, we will make the appropriate adjustments. "GE can you view, the structural change of diet is alsoDietary guidelines makeadjustments.

Currently, happy on our health effect of concepts is reflected.

Some countries mention dietary guidelines in respect to dining environment comfortable, warm, family reunion, in a pleasant atmosphere. Because the social pressure increases, nutrition experts also proposed to maintain a pleasant mood.

In addition to large scale population develop dietary guidelines, nutritionists have also attempted to further refine the research content.

They are of a different gene type of nutrition issues. This is a new nutrition research. GE can-you said that the previous dietary guidelines aimed at the general population, but the crowd's first feature is that everyone has their own genetic characteristics. Different genetic characteristics, characteristics of different genes, on food reactions are not the same. Dietary guidelines for genetic typing, you may also need some time, but it is worth looking forward to the future.

■ Analysis of

Nutrition theory mistakes

For a growing number of nutrition and dietetics, GE can you point out, a similar argument, both in research methods is untenable.

Which generally exists three errors.

Myth 1 fallacious reasoning

In the study of the nutritional properties of individual foods, possibly because the note of the characteristics of a food, while ignoring the other, or to sample survey, did not consider all factors.

Such an inference in some of the myths that exist in a large number of nutrition.

For example, "eat sweet potato can longevity" theory. Longevity, in fact not a single food can make. Influence the life of many factors, heredity, diet, environment, psychology, etc. Catering is only part of a single food in a person's diet is a very small part of it. See a place to eat certain foods, like sweet potato, a conclusion that eating sweet potato can live long, this reasoning is not accurate.

The reason there is to eat what is long life point of view, it is because

the deduction would only see the phenomenon, then build the causal link. GE can you point out, such a study, generally have to do double blind experiment, in the absence of control of the situation, unable to rule out other factors. Thus, the next conclusion must take all factors into consideration, and thus exclude irrelevant factors. Similarly, the conclusions of the sweet potato and longevity, whether exclusion of the area and soil causes, regional exceeding metal, water quality, life habits, etc.

Myth 2 overall local alternative

Confusion in our diet science are to local alternative global mode of thinking.

For example, the carrots are rich in nutrients, particularly people of beta-carotene.

As a result of beta-carotene, then there is solubility "carrots fried food must be" — a similar situation occurred in tomatoes. These statements, it seems that the GE can Yu, said this view is correct, but just some local concepts.

In fact, in many cases, a carrot, tomato, vegetables are eaten cooked eat "achieved".

After all, in a meal, and mixed salad tomatoes, carrots and meat food in General. And cooking oils and animal fats and these vegetables will meet in the gastrointestinal tract. They contain nutritional absorption is not a problem.

Myth 3 ignore the digestive process

GE can you point out some nutrition researchers will food directly as nutrition, neglecting the human physiology of digestion and absorption process.

Fruits should be eaten before or after meals? some researchers stress that fruit should eat a meal, the cause is currently our health is the most important issue of excessive intake of calories.

After dinner eat fruit, is to eat, and then add the food. Therefore, this part of the heat almost all are stored, which exacerbated the problem of overweight and obesity. At the same time, from the fruit of their own composition and physical properties of digestion and absorption, or you can derive the benefits of eating a meal. Many components in fruits are water-soluble, their digestive absorption does not require complex digestive juice blend, can be quickly absorbed through the stomach to the small intestine. Fasting is absorption rate to much higher than the absorption rate after eating.

However, this remains controversial nutrition academic field.

At GE, you can save it, what time to eat the fruit can be — whether it be food, fruit or other gastrointestinal are staying for more than ten hours: hybrid, peristalsis. During this process, the useful ingredients are absorbed, not part of the absorption, and excretion of this process do not follow the first eat first digestion.

Link

Nutrition and food safety

Yongjin pointed out that the nutrition of development and chemical development closely.

1783 Lavoisier discovered oxygen, respiration and burning and proving that is oxidation. Subsequently, the chemists discovered protein, fat, carbohydrate and constant mineral elements that are essential nutrients. The 19th century and early 20th century, is a variety of nutrients was found and research of heyday. The current international popular national versions of the dietary guidelines are a combination of various nutrients of the conclusions.

But as including Chemistry, continued development of modern science and technology, new problems appear gradually, and nutrition.

As people become more and more deeply aware of "pollution" on the impact of food intended for human consumption, the pursuit of "green" became part of the basic norms of human consumption. However, it seems the Yongjin, many food manufacturers advocate of "pure nature" and "green" food almost does not exist, the pursuit of fruitless.

Of course, this does not mean that one can ignore the food safety problems.

Including chemical, biological, infection, drugs, pollution factors, to the human consumption of a tremendous risk. Prior to this, a United Kingdom scientists may cause foodborne diseases, and on the common food for the ranking results followed by poultry food, fish and shellfish, red meat and meat products, salad, vegetables and fruit. Security ZhengquGeneration of nutrition, become the primary food.

This special appreciated:

GE can Yu (Chinese nutriological society Chairman)

Jack red (China Agricultural University, College of nutrition and food security, Associate Professor, Department of)

Yongjin (Peking University School of public health, nutrition and food safety, Associate Professor, Department of)

Special reports/reporter Li Jian-