Neandertal man to
Neandertal man living in what period,? the answer is 40 years ago in Europe and 15 million years ago of West Asia.
When the neandertal man's relics were discovered for the first time, more and more evidence that they did multiply very successful. But for about 3 years ago, neandertal man suddenly disappeared. So far, the neandertal man of evidence comes from Europe, but Asia's study also very small. To find out what the neandertal man living area to the East up to reach where scientists on Altai (Altai) mountain and southern Uzbekistan found that had the original human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of testing, the result was significantly higher than previously expected: neandertal man's geographic distribution is likely to be higher than the present general agreement that the area further East at least 2000 km.This study published in the latest in the journal nature, by German scientists together to complete.
Neandertal man poetries
Neandertal man (Neanderthals) research study on the European scientific community is one of the key points, they exist in the old stone age.
Initially, the scientific community but also for the neandertal man is a modern and controversial, but with the analysis of mitochondrial DNA, it is generally agreed that, although the neandertal man Homo erectus from Europe, but is not a modern one, that is, unwise person branch.And compared to modern man, neandertal man chunky and powerful.
Despite their skull is relatively longer, wider, their skulls or similar, and modern human brain capacity is even greater than that of modern humans. Neandertal man limb is very strong, but definitely stood, they hand you a flexible and modern men. Neandertal man living in caves, uses fire to create the stone and wooden spear for hunting, they mayeven burial will take care of the sick and wounded. Neandertal man also has its own language, or may have become a primary form of communities.The earliest neandertal man found in 1829, Belgium.
In 1856, scientists at Germany's nyander Valley (Neandervalley) of a cave discovered the neandertal man's important monuments, the people also.
3 years after Darwin's theory of evolution "is published. Since then, Europe has found neandertal man.For a long time, from about 20 years ago to 2.8 million years ago, neandertal man all over Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean region.
Concerning neandertal man's destiny, the scientific community have different views.
Some scientists believe that neandertal man and Homo hybrid, thus producing the next generation of human kind. More scientists think the neandertal man is a man who perished. They are about 3 years ago, since then, the Earth is Africa's leading modern humans. And hybrid view, on the contrary, many scientists think the neandertal man and modern man is competition between the more, the demise of the relationship is with the modern human population pressure from rapid growth.Stone and dental evidence
For neandertal man's research has been insufficient. footage
Because all the evidence from archaeology to human fossils from the original, but these fossils and is intermittent, so scientists have been very difficult to confirm a fossil is or is not part of the neandertal man, because of these limitations, the scientific community has not exactly know neandertal man what when where life. Central Asia neandertal man fossils argues it is limited to this.Although the study of objects is very meaningful fossils, but by the limitations of the methodology.
The test object is a 1930s in Uzbekistan of Sikh Tash (Teshik-Tash) caves found in 9-year-old left-right part of the original human children, the scientific community believe that the bones and fossils found in the significance of the great, the way, it may be demonstrated in the old stone age, there are various human groups living in Central Asia, their development in manufacturing stone is a different tradition, this is similar to the Eastern Mediterranean region and the East. Secondly, the fossil represents the neandertal man range in the East, although this has been disputed.Bit Sikh Tash caves more East neandertal man living in Central Asia Mountain Altai (Altai).
There, scientists find Ashley (Mousterian) traces the stone technology use, and this technology is the European neandertal man widespread use of technology. Of course, this demonstration methods cannot speak for themselves, because in the Near East and North Africa by modern people, also have use of Ashley stone technology. In addition, dental research indicate that, in the Altay mountains of Auckland Denis Kefu (Okladnikov) cave find teeth can be traced back to 3.7 years to 4.3 million years ago, so this period is possible also in humans neandertal man's branches, however, some scientists say that more evidence of these teeth with erect, i.e. Asia modern features.Therefore, although for a long time, scientists have tried various approaches to the two Central Asian fossils for analysis, but not out of what they do is the neandertal man's exact conclusions.
Find DNA evidence
But this time, scientists using mitochondrial DNA analysis method to confirm that the two
The cave of human fossil remains indeed and European neandertal man related. Them from Sikh Tash caves of the thigh bone and Auckland Denis Kefu hole bones extracted debris. mtDNA Now, Europe has 13 neandertal man subspecies has solved the mystery of mtDNA, the mtDNA and modern people a bit, you can see significant differences.Scientists will be central to these bones samples grind
ing extraction out of mtDNA, the cloned copy, and then set the base pairs (base-pair, bp) and comparative analysis of DNA for cloning, finally found a place near adult fossils with neandertal man kind of mtDNA.However, Auckland Denis Kefu's adult fossil yet discovered this feature.
Since then, scientists have again on these recent adult fossils are experimental DNA proves, once again confirmed that most of these fossils are a neandertal man's DNA diversity.Auckland Denis Kefu cave and Sikh Tash caves found in the mtDNA sequences and of Europe and the Caucasus Department neandertal man's mtDNA is extremely consistent, at the same time, the discovery of nearly 1 million people with modern and early modern human fossils is completely missing in the neandertal man's mtDNA characteristics.
These are demonstrated in the two offices in Central Asia in the cave of human fossils and Europe and Western Asia neandertal man.
The evidence also supports the original human from Central Asia neandertal man's theoretical hypothesis. In short, neandertal man's wide distribution to further East at least manoah 2000 km or so, until the southern Central Asia.Climate change causes of migration
And Auckland Denis Kefu cave-Sikh compared to Tash caves of mtDNA sequences and Western Scala di na area (Scladina) of neandertal man closer to the molecular characteristics, this gap has also paved the way for further research.
More to the East, neandertal man's DNA characteristics weaker, maybe you can explain neandertal man was "move East to the West", or that in antiquity, from Europe to the neandertal man "invasion" of the Western Asia, and Central Asia.But on the other hand, the neandertal in Central Asia and Europe and the Caucasus region between neandertal man, there is no distinction between the special large mtDNA.
This may also explain the separat
ion between them is not a long time. This point may also support the view that Central Asia is in relatively recent times been neandertal man "colonial".In fact, scientists believe that prior to this, neandertal man is the "invasion" of Russia and most of the Plains, until a special warm period coming in about 12.5 million years ago, a violent and out of the Caspian Sea, neandertal personnel began to Central Asia, and their evidence in Central Asia is the further possibility: they went even the far East, such as Mongolia, and China will need these to further the study of the demonstration.
Compilation: Jin Yu
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