Promoting Darwinism named thousands of species, the nature of art forms on the impact of the "new art movement" biologists
This year marks the 200th anniversary of Darwin, the origin of species published 150 anniversary, but few people know that this year or in another prominent evolutionary biologist sea Kerr's 90th anniversary Memorial Day.
Talk about life in rich colors, sea Kerr in no less favourable than Darwin. Only the following two points can make sea Kerr was going on: first, the sea Kerr was because the "embryonic repeated figure" for the accused to court; second, the sea Kerr is a distinguished artist ever.1 a real all-round talent
1834, 16 February, Ernst · sea Kerr (ErnstHaeckel) was born in Prussia in Potsdam.
He grew up in the final of the "all-round", a title more frightening: eminent biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician and Professor of art; once identified, described and named by thousands of new species, draws including all life forms of evolution tree; to create a few widely used in biology, including the doors of the word (Phylum), phylogenetics (phylogeny), ecology (ecology) and protozoa (Protista), etc. He also worked in Germany promotion of Darwin's theory of evolution, and development has been plagued by controversy "embryonic repeated theory." He published the "pure art" works includes over 100 pieces of various animal color illustrations. As a philosopher, he wrote at the end of the 19th century philosophical works of the mysteries of the universe ", the" world of mysteries "(worldriddle) into English fixed phrases, while another book of the scientific and teaching free" support for Darwin's theory. To commemorate this distinguished figures in the United States Nevada a 4090 m high mountain peak is named "sea Kerr peak." New Zealand also has a sea-Kerr, 2941 metres high. 12323 asteroid was named the "sea Kerr."Sea Kerr or the world's first use of the "battle" of the word.
In 1914, at the beginning of World War II, he is the Indiana Awa Feliz Star Tribune writes: "there is no doubt that the ' European wars ' causes and characteristics of the decision it will become the first world war". However, the word did not pay attention, this war has been called the "European war" or "wars". Until 1931, when another shadow of World War II, the people began to make extensive use of the "battle" of the word.2 is the scientists who are artists
Sea Kerr is a "workaholic".
In 1852, he studied in Berlin, and received a PhD in medicine, medical license. Sea Kerr a contact to the suffering of patients, they realize that they are not fit to be a doctor. So he again in Jena University for three years and got a PhD in zoology and became Professor of comparative anatomy of the school. In this capacity he worked for 47 years, until 1909. 1859 to 1866, sea Kerr studied many types of invertebrates, including Radiolaria, sponge, annelids, etc. In the meantime, the sea Kerr named thousands of new species. In 1866, the sea, in the United Kingdom of Kent ha (DownHouse) saw Darwin, the origin of species "has been published for seven years. This sea Kerr's ideas have had a significant impact. In 1906, Kerr has established an alliance called "monism, preaching" Organization of his philosophical and political beliefs. The Organization continued until 1933, the Organization has many talents, including the 1909 Nobel Chemistry Prize winner of Oswald (WilhelmOstwald). In 1915, the death of his wife gave him a great fight, he became very weak, and died in 1919.In photography is widely used, painting is the basic skill of biologists, named thousands species of sea Kerr course Han on this road.
But the sea Kerr pictures much more than the expression and idea, in his view, biology, in many ways similar to the art. Symmetry in nature,especially the beautiful image of radiolarians on his artistic talent with great inspiration. Whether in his academic works, or in scientific works are equipped with beautiful illustrations, reflects biological extremely beautiful. His painting influenced the early 20th century art movement of the "new". The campaign advocates the use of highly stylized natural element, the style of the most important characteristics is full of vitality, wave and flow of lines, traditional decoration is also full of life, like the natural growth from plants. Many top artists such as the famous Austrian Nebbia · Burleigh denzler has been the impact of the new art movement.Today, the sea Kerr morphological outline code and the code of a phylogenetic studies have rarely mentioned, however his illustrations summarize the nature of art forms (Artforms of Nature) but long pin, is the world's biological lovers.
3 the "repetition" is the trial of embryos
Art and science of the mind are often contradictory.
Sea Kerr in scientific research there artists often have problems — arbitrary。 He, in the absence of evidence that can be directly applied to biology. the sociology of His doctrine often appear racist views, for example in the morphology of the outline, he said: "the high and low, the difference between a person and more than low-discrepancy between the high animal. " Similar view was later some Nazi theorist utilization.In fact, the sea is not strict, darwinists, he also some believe la Mark's theory that some acquired genetic sexuality is able to, but this theory is the apparent lack of evidence.
The scientists think that the words with nice sea Kerr's theory are lacking, some "Overlord arch". In fact, he's perspectives for contemporary biological and sociological research is wrong.Sea Kerr's most controversial theory is the "repetition" on the embryo.
Sea Kerr thinks a biological process of embryonic development is its ancestor of the lineage of repeating itself. His theory is considered a "strong repeated theory." There is a recurrence of the "weak", that biological embryo development just inherited the embryonic development of their ancestors. Comparison of scientists now accepts the "weak repeated theory" sea Kerr's "strong repeated theory" was thought to be too simplistic.Sea Kerr had once because schematic intentionally modify some embryos form in 1868 by Jena University Court trials, and was five professors found guilty "forgery".
He acknowledged that a small part of the embryo diagram is a fake, but that was only in the absence of evidence to fill the "missing link". At trial, the sea Kerr admitted that he had changed the sketch in the original form, but also said, "I should be blamed, but should blame there are hundreds of best observers and biologists. Most of the morphology, Anatomy, histology and embryology of the charts is not entirely true to nature, how many have modify and rebuild. ”In "the origin of species", Darwin a repetition of the "embryo" as evolution on one of the important evidence.
In his view, because the embryo in development through forms will not be eliminated by natural selection, so animal embryo development occur and foetus similar forms of our ancestors. Such as Gill for mammals, useless, but mammals in a stage of embryonic development still appear branchial cleft, a mammal is fish evolved powerful evidence.Online there is a well-known saying: we saw in the secondary school textbooks "embryonic repeated figure" is false, in fact, there is no evidence of Darwinism.
However, the repeat of the "embryo" is the sea chart Kerr's works. Sea Kerr repeated "embryo" is now considered "simplistic", but Darwin's embryology was evidence does not break down. Human fetal development in fish of the branchial arch is the simple fact that Darwinism can this phenomenon for convincing explanation. Therefore, the original is not a true believer in Darwin harbour Kerr errors to rebut Darwinism is a bit of a "donkey lips wrong horse mouth."This version of the author/reporter Liu Zheng
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